"Proper" macro is 1:1, which means the size of the subject equals the size of its projection on the camera sensor. In other words, a 1mm bug will produce a 1mm image on the sensor. To get even more magnification, you need extension tubes or better still a teleconverter, basically a sophisticated 'magnifying glass' which goes between lens and camera. The one I always wanted was the Sigma 2X but it's very pricey at around £250. Joy, I managed to get an old style one, second hand for a snip, only £80, so now I'm shooting 2:1, and what a world it reveals!
Here's a mint moth. It's tiny; only around a cm:
but look what appears when you get in at 2:1!
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